Sources

Sources and image credits

Statements about history, food use and nutrient measurements on this site are drawn from the publications below. Statements about our own process describe how Reinsdyr Inc and its suppliers operate.

References

1. Sara, R.B.M.E. et al. (2022). “Precious blood and nourishing offal: past and present slaughtering perspectives in Sámi reindeer pastoralism.” Pastoralism 12:20. doi:10.1186/s13570-021-00224-2
2. Nilsson, L.M. et al. (2011). “Diet and lifestyle of the Sami of southern Lapland in the 1930s–1950s and today.” International Journal of Circumpolar Health 70(3):301–318.
3. Hassan, A.A., Sandanger, T.M. and Brustad, M. (2012). “Level of selected nutrients in meat, liver, tallow and bone marrow from semi-domesticated reindeer (Rangifer t. tarandus L.).” International Journal of Circumpolar Health 71:17997. doi:10.3402/ijch.v71i0.17997
4. Slow Food Foundation for Biodiversity. “Reindeer Blood Sausage.” Ark of Taste.
5. U.S. National Park Service. “Caribou vs. Reindeer.” nps.gov.
6. Reindeer Act of 1937, 25 U.S.C. §§ 500k–500n.
7. U.S. Department of Agriculture, FoodData Central. “Caribou, liver, raw (Alaska Native),” FDC ID 168983, and “Caribou, bone marrow, raw (Alaska Native),” FDC ID 169800. Based on Nobmann, E.D. (1993), nutrient data for Alaska Native foods.
8. Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Division of Subsistence (1993). Technical Paper No. 224.
9. Alaska Department of Fish and Game. “Caribou Cuisine for the Contemporary Chef.”
10. CBC News (2020). “Caribou heart, liver, kidney, tongue, fat and blood: now that’s a good sausage.”
11. Government of the Northwest Territories, Health and Social Services. “Caribou.” Nutritional food fact sheet.
12. Kuhnlein, H.V. and Soueida, R. (1992). “Use and nutrient composition of traditional Baffin Inuit foods.” Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 5(2):112–126.
13. Fediuk, K., Hidiroglou, N. and Madere, R. (2002). “Vitamin C in Inuit traditional food and women’s diets.” Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 15(3):221–235.
14. Traditionalanimalfoods.org. “Caribou” and “Gwich’in.”
15. Nieminen, M. and Soppela, P. (1990). “Nutritional status and fatty acid composition of bone marrows in semi-domesticated reindeer.” Rangifer 10(4):57.
16. Fröslie, A., Haugen, A., Holt, G. and Norheim, G. (1986). “Levels of cadmium in liver and kidneys from Norwegian cervides.” Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 37. Rintala, R., Venäläinen, E.-R. and Hirvi, T. (1995). “Heavy metals in muscle, liver, and kidney from Finnish reindeer 1990–92.” Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 54.
17. World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH). Official animal health status recognitions: foot-and-mouth disease and bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Norway.
18. Lov om reindrift (reindriftsloven), Act of 15 June 2007 No. 40 (Reindeer Husbandry Act, Norway).
19. Ohthere’s account of his voyages, in the Old English translation of Orosius, Historiae adversus paganos, made at the court of King Alfred of Wessex, about 890.
20. UNESCO World Heritage Centre. “Rock Art of Alta.” whc.unesco.org.
21. Sons of Norway. “Hjortetakk: Deer Antlers.” sofn.com.
22. Aperitif.no. “MAT: Det møreste møre.” Interview with a reindeer owner at Andsvatn Reinslakteri, Sørreisa, Troms.
23. Meglio Vivere. “Sami Cuisine: Eating Rudolph and other stories.” Medium.
24. Nationen (2014). “Vil servere reinlever som kosttilskudd.” Interview with a Sami slaughter entrepreneur in Guovdageaidnu.